The premise for a digital fabricator that can replicate vaccines to combat an outbreak of disease came from the H1N1 outbreak in Mexico City in 2009 that left a number of people dead and resulted in a city-wide quarantine with curfews. Getting vaccines in was an issue as was meeting the volume requirements. After all Mexico City has a mere 21 million people.

Using bioprinters as you suggest is probably not too far in our future. If we can create blood vessels then given the right raw materials we should be able to construct many other organic end products as long as we have sufficient feedstock. Does have implications for human space travel as you suggest and is probably far more likely than transporters and dilithium crystal-powered warp drives.

In principle, it seems plausible. If all atoms of any particular isotope are for all practical purposes indistinguishable from all others of the same species (as seems to be the well-demonstrated case), and all molecules of atoms are merely ordered aggregations of isotopes, then physical reproduction of the order produces an identical actual molecule. Precise symbolic descriptions of the isotopic order of any particular molecule can travel at light speed, so in principle and in effect the molecule can be transmitted at light speed to bioprinters at great distances. More significantly, the bioprinter might be preprogrammed with the ordered codes for wine, cheese, steak, lobster, and bank notes. Poverty and famine would be horrors of the past.

The implications to extended manned space travel are huge. It would be like the Star Ship Enterprise organic replicator. The organic replicator serves as a gourmet chef. All waste products dump into the organic digester for use as replicator feedstock. While some of the significant operational principles of the Enterprise “transporter” technology still remain undisclosed, the general principle of operation is the transporter discovers and records the precise “order” of the individual atomic elements constituting any actual object, whether dead or alive, and then transmits the symbolic code describing the object to a remote location. It’s unclear how the code becomes physically actualized without a bioprinter and pre-positioned supply of identical atoms at the terminus. Well, one must suppose the Enterprise transporter system evokes about as many unresolved paradoxes as the dilithium crystal warp drive.